WASHINGTON, D.C. — Today, the National Fair Housing Alliance (NFHA) and 19 local fair housing organizations announced the filing with HUD of a housing discrimination complaint against Fannie Mae, one of the largest owners of foreclosed homes in the United States. The civil rights groups allege that Fannie Mae maintains and markets its foreclosures (also known as real estate owned or “REO” properties) in White neighborhoods consistently better than in middle- and working-class African American and Latino neighborhoods, a practice that violates the federal Fair Housing Act. The complaint is the result of a five-year investigation.
“Fannie Mae is wreaking havoc on middle- and working-class communities of color nationwide through a pattern of neglect that is frankly appalling,” said Shanna L. Smith, President and CEO of NFHA. “Fannie Mae’s failure to take care of its massive foreclosure inventory in African American and Latino neighborhoods further destabilizes the communities hardest hit by
the foreclosure crisis, in clear contradiction of its congressional charter, federal fair housing laws, and its obligation to affirmatively further fair housing. This systematic failure also creates health and safety hazards, contributes to blight, and places an unfair burden on neighbors and
city governments to clean up the problem.”
Evidence gathered from 2010 through April 2015 documents an ongoing pattern and practice of discrimination by Fannie Mae and its asset management contractors. Currently, NFHA and its partners have investigated 2,106 REO properties owned by Fannie Mae in 34 metropolitan areas encompassing 129 cities across the United States. NFHA is joined in this complaint by 19 of its member organizations (see Table 1 for a full list of metro regions and fair housing organizations involved in the complaint).
The fair housing organizations investigated the maintenance and marketing of REOs for 39 different types of deficiencies that affect home value, curb appeal, the security of the home and the marketability of the property. The deficiencies assessed by investigators include: broken, boarded or damaged windows and doors; unlocked doors and windows; damaged and obstructed gutters and downspouts; safety hazards; accumulated trash; overgrown lawns and shrubs; lack of “for sale” signs; and others.
Fannie Mae properties in communities of color had broken doors and windows, unlocked doors and windows allowing access to the home, excessive litter, dead or overgrown lawns, dead animals or live animals on the property, and other major deficiencies. Conversely, most Fannie
Mae properties in predominantly White communities did not. These problems are simple to fix and are the responsibility of Fannie Mae and its contractors. Since 2009, NFHA has made efforts to work with the Government Sponsored Enterprises (“GSEs”) to correct their practices. The GSEs have a legal responsibility to treat all neighborhoods fairly. Smith said, “Freddie Mac looked into its practices and made good faith efforts to correct its business model, but Fannie Mae refused to take responsibility for its neglect in communities of color. The difference between Freddie and Fannie properties is striking. We now rarely find disparities in Freddie Mac’s inventory. Fannie has to take responsibility.” She added, “Fannie Mae has not only ignored the problem but has continued to award millions of
dollars in new contracts to the same asset management companies that engaged in this discriminatory behavior. We have filed this complaint after having exhausted every possible means we could think of to get Fannie Mae to abide by the law and work with us to re-stabilize the damaged communities.”
The Fair Housing Act makes it illegal to discriminate based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, disability, or familial status, as well as on the race or national origin of residents of a neighborhood. This law applies to housing and housing-related activities, which includes the maintenance, appraisal, listing, marketing, and selling of homes.
Nationwide Statistics
Full national statistics and data for individual cities available at www.nationalfairhousing.org
Summary of Findings:
- 49.5 percent of the REO properties in White communities had fewer than 5 deficiencies, while only 24.4 percent of the REO properties in communities of color had fewer than 5 deficiencies.
- 22.1 percent of the REO properties in communities of color had 10 or more deficiencies, while only 8.0 percent of the REO properties in predominantly White communities had 10 or more deficiencies.
Highlights of Significant Racial Disparities:
- 40.6 percent of the REO properties in communities of color had a broken, boarded, or unsecured window, while only 21.2 percent of the REO properties in White communities had the same problem.
- 38.5 percent of the REO properties in communities of color had trash or debris on the premises, while only 15.1 percent of the REO properties in White communities had the same problem.
- 29.8 percent of the REO properties in communities of color had holes in the structure of the home, while only 13.9 percent of the REO properties in White communities had the same problem.
- 27.3 percent of the REO properties in communities of color had wood rot, while only 17.8 percent of the REO properties in White communities had the same problem.
- 23.9 percent of the REO properties in communities of color had unsecured, broken, or boarded doors, while only 11.6 percent of the REO properties in White communities had the same problem.
- 21.7 percent of the REO properties in communities of color had exposed or tampered with utilities, while only 9.7 percent of the REO properties in White communities had the same problem.
Partner Organizations and Metropolitan Areas Involved in Complaint
Fair Housing Center Metropolitan Area
Connecticut Fair Housing Center Hartford
Denver Metro Fair Housing Center Denver
Fair Housing Center of Central Indiana Indianapolis
Fair Housing Center of the Greater Palm Beaches Greater Palm Beaches
Fair Housing Center of West Michigan Grand Rapids, Muskegon
Fair Housing Continuum Orlando
Fair Housing of Marin Vallejo, Richmond and Oakland
Greater New Orleans Fair Housing Action Center New Orleans, Baton Rouge
HOPE Fair Housing Center Chicago
Housing Opportunities for Excellence (H.O.P.E.) Miami
Housing Opportunities Made Equal of Virginia Richmond
Metro Fair Housing Services Atlanta
Metropolitan Milwaukee Fair Housing Council Milwaukee
National Fair Housing Alliance
Baltimore, Charleston, Kansas City, Las
Vegas, Memphis, Minneapolis, Philadelphia,
Phoenix, San Diego, Tucson, Washington
DC and Prince George’s County, MD
North Texas Fair Housing Center Dallas, Fort Worth
Open Communities Chicago
South Suburban Housing Center Chicago, Gary
The Housing Research & Advocacy Center Cleveland
The Miami Valley Fair Housing Center Dayton, Columbus
Toledo Fair Housing Center Toledo
The National Fair Housing Alliance Founded in 1988, the National Fair Housing Alliance is a consortium of more than 220 private, nonprofit fair housing organizations, state and local civil rights agencies, and individuals from throughout the United States. Headquartered in Washington, D.C., the National Fair Housing Alliance, through comprehensive education, advocacy, and enforcement programs, provides equal access to apartments, houses, mortgage loans, and insurance policies for all residents in the nation.
The work that provided the basis for this investigation was supported in part by funding under a grant from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. The substance and findings of the work are dedicated to the public. The author and publisher are solely responsible for the accuracy of the statements and interpretations contained in this release. Such interpretations do not necessarily reflect the views of the Federal Government.